《2010NHS护师指南—鼻出血(鼻衄)》内容预览

Bleeding occurs with rupture of nasal blood vessels, or damage to nasal membrane occurs.The commonest site is anterior, i.e. upper end of the nasal septum where there are manyblood vessels and blood flows out through the nostrils. Posterior bleeding is less common,bleeding concentrates around the upper part of the nose. Blood tends to backflow towards theback of the mouth & throat.
Children are more vulnerable to nosebleeds than **s. Majority of nosebleeds are not
serious.
HISTORY
Duration
Amount of blood loss
Trauma – including nose picking
Cold, hayfever or sinus symptoms
Foreign body – offensive discharge may indicate foreign body especially in children
Previous episodes of bleeding
Medications : nasal spray / anticoagulants / NSAIDs
Anaemias or leukaemia
Broken nose
Head injury
Cocaine use
Uncontrolled hypertension
Liver disease
Haemophilia or other clotting disorder
Tumours

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