胎膜早破的诊断:
(1)临床症状和体征:临床上常见为孕妇主诉无明显诱因突发**流液,感到外阴有大量分泌物流出,需要行消毒后窥阴器检查见有**内有液体流出或是胎脂流出。
(2)辅助检查:临床上经常有羊水过少的孕妇胎膜早破,此时我们需要看**后穹隆是否有液体,然后用PH试纸检测,如果变蓝色可以诊断为胎膜早破,但是有宫颈炎、**炎、血液、肥皂、尿液、静液会导致假阳性的出现[2]。超声检查对胎膜早破诊断价值有限[2]。
(7)分娩方式选择:PPROM选择何种分娩方式,需综合考虑孕周、早产儿存活率、是否存在羊水过少或绒毛膜羊膜炎、胎儿能否耐受官缩、胎方位等因素,PPROM不是剖宫产指征,分娩方式应遵循标准的产科常规,在无明确的剖宫产指征时应选择**试产,产程中密切注意胎心变化,有剖宫产指征时,应选择剖宫产术分娩为宜;胎儿臀位时应首选剖宫产术分娩,有异常情况时放宽剖宫产指征[2]。
参考文献
[1] American college of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No.139:premature rupture of membranes,Clinical managenment guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists[J].Obstet Gynecol.2013.122(4):918.
[2] 中华医学会妇产科学分会产科学组.胎膜早破的诊断与处理指南[J].中华妇产科杂志,2015,1(50):3-8.
[3] Di Renzo GC,Roura LCD i R e n z o G C,Facchinetti F,et al.Guidelines for the managenment of spontaneous preterm labor:identification of spontaneous preterm labor,diagnosis of preterm premature reputrue of membranace,and preventive tools for preterm birth[J].JMatern Fetal Neonatal Med,2011,24(5):659-667.
[4] Tita AT,And rews WW.Diagnosis and management of clinical chorioamnionitis[J].Clinperinatol 2010,37(2):339-354.
[5]Bricker L,Peden H,Tomlinson AJ,et al.Titrated low-dosevaginal and/or misoprostol to induceabour for perlabor membrane rupture:ar and omizedtrial[J].BJOG,2008,115(2):1503-15.
[6]Tan PC,Daud SA,Omar SZ.Concurrent dinoproston and oxytocin for labor in duction intermpremature rupture of membranes:ar and omized controlledtrial[J].Obstet Gynecol,2009,113(5):1059-106.
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