12月30日讯 –新近研究显示，尽管她们还年轻，但多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）女性的糖尿病和高胆固醇风险增加。

该研究的作者之一，美国旧金山加州大学的Erica T. Wang博士，告诉Reuters Health。“医生通常不认为20多岁的年轻女性是需要密切关注的目标人群，我们的研究表明我们需要密切关注年轻的PCOS女性。

鉴于即使在PCOS症状消失后，（糖尿病和高胆固醇）风险增加也持续多年，研究结果强调，保持长期健**活方式的重要性，美国圣地亚哥加州大学的R. Jeffrey Chang博士，在其研究的评论中称。

据全国妇女健康信息中心称，多囊卵巢综合征发生于5％至10％的育龄妇女。她们异常升高的雄激素可导致不孕，月经不调，毛发过度生长，卵巢囊肿，伴有体重增加，特别是在腰部。

除了饮食和运动，PCOS可采用降胰岛素药物治疗，有时采用激素疗法，如避孕药或降雄激素药物。

研究发现，PCOS与心脏病的数种危险因素有关，如肥胖和高血压，以及糖尿病。但目前仍不清楚PCOS是否与其有关。调查中，作者看到1,127名女性参与了青壮年研究之冠状动脉风险进展----一项在美国4城市开展的有关白人和非裔美国人之间心脏病风险因素的长期调查。

研究开始时这些女性年龄为20到32岁，进行为期18年的随访。在研究开始时，53名女性患有PCOS。随访期结束时她们当中的12人为晚期2型糖尿病，18人血脂异常。多变量分析显示，潜在的混杂因素调整后（包括体重），PCOS女性患糖尿病和高胆固醇风险是非PCOS女性的约2倍。

研究人员在研究的开始时还分析了31名体重正常的女性PCOS患者的风险。结果发现这些女性患糖尿病的风险是体重正常的非PCOS女性的3倍。

在研究第14年，对最初的746名研究对象进行了PCOS二次评估。15名女性仍然患有PCOS。“持续”患有PCOS的女性在接下来的5年发展为2型糖尿病的风险是7倍多。

事实上，许多女性随着时间推移，多囊卵巢综合征症状消失，这提示随着年龄增长，多囊卵巢综合征变得越来越少见，正如其他的研究所见，Chang博士在他的评论中提到。鉴于这些女性患糖尿病的风险增加，尽管不再有PCOS，但是研究结果还表明，过量的男性激素分泌可能不是糖尿病风险增加的主要原因，因此，在受此疾病影响的女性中持续强调生活方式和行为矫正是必要的。他补充道。

Wang ET, Calderon-Margalit R

(From the University of California, San Francisco)

OBJECTIVE:To estimate whether women aged 20-32 years who fulfilled National Institutes of Health criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) would be at higher risk for subsequent development of incident diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, and to estimate whether normal-weight women with PCOS would have the same degree of cardiovascular risk as overweight women with PCOS.

METHODS: We estimated the association of PCOS with incident diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension over a period of 18 years among 1,127 white and African-American women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults cohort. We classified women at baseline (ages 20-32 years) based on self-reported symptoms and serum androgen measures using National Institutes of Health PCOS criteria. We estimated the association of PCOS and subsequent cardiovascular risk factors, independent of baseline body mass index (BMI), using multivariable logistic regression. Additionally, among 746 women with a second assessment of PCOS at ages 34-46 years, we estimated the association of persistent PCOS with cardiovascular risk factors.

RESULTS: Of 1,127 women, 53 (4.7%) met criteria for PCOS at ages 20-32 years. Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with a twofold higher odds of incident diabetes (23.1% compared with 13.1%, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.4, confidence interval [CI] 1.2-4.9) and dyslipidemia (41.9% compared with 27.7%, AOR 1.9, CI 1.0-3.6) over the course of 18 years; the association with incident hypertension was not significant (26.9% compared with 26.3%, AOR 1.7, CI 0.8-3.3). Normal-weight women with PCOS (n=31) had a threefold higher odds of incident diabetes compared with normal-weight women without PCOS (AOR 3.1, CI 1.2-8.0). Compared with those without PCOS, women with persistent PCOS (n=11) had the highest odds of diabetes (AOR 7.2, CI 1.1-46.5).