【PPT】产科急症的辨识和处置之产前出血 - 医学资源下载
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[导读] 【PPT】产科急症的辨识和处置之产前出血 - 医学资源下载 资源作者:yaoyanwei 资源分类:医学 - 妇产科 资源属性:PPT 资源售价:1 爱医币 资源大小:2.82M 关注入数:237 人
【PPT】产科急症的辨识和处置之产前出血 - 医学资源下载
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PPT 资源售价:1 爱医币
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【ppt】产科急症的辨识和处置之产前出血
产前出血
前置胎盘
胎盘早剥
帆状胎盘血管前置
宫颈息肉
宫颈糜烂
外伤
疤痕子宫破裂
肿瘤
前置胎盘
定义:胎盘部分或全部覆盖宫内口。
完全性 totalis
部分性 partialis
边缘性 marginalis
发生率:0.5% -1% of all births.
高危因素:剖宫产史(x 6)- 多产(x 2.6) –先前宫腔操作史-吸烟
完全性
完全性(圆盘型)
部分性
边缘性MARGINALIS
前置胎盘
临床特点:母源性无痛性阴道流血 painless bleeding of maternal origin
诊断:1. 超声Sonography
2.阴窥If cervical os dilated
cautious inspection
合并症:胎盘早剥 ,胎位异常,产后出血
处理: 卧床、防栓塞 等 Bed rest, Thrombosis prophylaxis
分娩方式DELIVERY MODUS
剖宫产Practically all women do need cesarean section.
注意点:
1.胎儿早产又无分娩指征(观察)The fetus is preterm and there is no indication for delivery.(observe)
2.胎儿成熟母出血不止(c.s)The fetus is mature and the bleeding does not stop.(cesarean S)
3.孕妇临产The patient is in labor (cesarean S)
4.出血严重胎儿不成熟(c.s)The bleeding severe,and the fetus immature (cesarean S)
疤痕子宫、前置胎盘、胎盘植入
前置胎盘、胎盘植入
前置胎盘
产前出血
胎盘早剥PLACENTAL ABRUPTION
孕产妇死亡的主因One of the leading causes of the perinatal mortality
发生率: 0.5% - 1% of all deliveries
病生Pathophysiology: 因腹部外伤、母缺氧或缺血以及感染,绒毛从蜕膜板分离。
出血类型
临床分级CLINICAL STAGING
Grade 0: 无症状,仅从超声和产后检查诊断。asymptomatic;diagnosis often postnatal or by sonography
Grade 1 :有外、内出血迹象,母循环系统无变化,无胎儿窘迫。scant external & internal bleeding.No maternal circulatory changes;No fetal distress.
Grade 2 :严重出血和胎儿窘迫heavy bleeding (external –internal) Fetal distress (CTG )
Grade 3 :严重出血、子宫剧痛和休克30%伴有DIC和胎儿濒死。severe external & internal bleeding.The uterus very painfull; fetal demise;maternal shock in 30% of cases associated with coagulation disorders.
高危因素:
先前有胎盘早剥Previous abruption (x 10)
宫肌瘤Myoms
子宫纵膈Uterusseptum
母亲疾病:高血压、栓塞性疾病、Maternal diseases: Hypertension, Thrombophilia , Hyperhomocysteinemia
胎盘异常:环状Abnormal Placentation :for example: Plac. Circumvallata
滥用尼古丁和可卡因Nicotine & Cocaine Abuse
腹部外伤Blunt Abdominal Trauma
诊断DIAGNOSIS
疼痛性阴道出血Painfull vaginal bleeding
板状腹Tetanic contractions of uterus
胎心监护异常Pathological CTG
超声图像Sonography: (敏感性 Sensitivity : 50%)
处理
无症状No symptoms(no bleeding ) :观察母胎情况observe the mother and the fetus .
严重出血+胎儿存活:C.S。Severe bleeding +the fetus is alive: Cesarean section.
出血+胎儿死亡:人工破膜+成份输血+阴道分娩引产,但若出血太严重则剖宫产。Clinical symptoms (bleeding)+the fetus is dead : Amniotomy +packed red cells+coagulation factors +labor induction (vaginal birth),but if the bleeding too severe then cesarean section
子宫内部出血BLEEDING INTRAPARTAL
见红BLOODY SHOW
血管前置VASA PRAEVIA
帆状胎盘前置INSERTIO VELAMENTOSA
胎盘早剥ABRUPTIO PLACENTAE
子宫破裂UTERINE RUPTURE
血管前置若人工破膜后出血要想起该病!!
帆状胎盘血管前置INSERTIO VELAMENTOSA
帆状胎盘INSERTIO VELAMENTOSA