嵌合抗原受体修饰的T细胞在血液疾病中的应用

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Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell (Car T Cell) Therapy In Hematology.

It is well demonstrated that immune system can control and eliminate cancer cells. Immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells has been discovered and is the basis of both cancer vaccines and cellular therapies including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Adoptive T cell transfer has been improved to be more specific and potent and cause less off-target toxicities. Currently, there are two forms of engineered T cells being tested in clinical trials: T cell receptor (TCR) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells. On July 1, 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration granted 'breakthrough therapy' designation to anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy. Many studies were conducted to evaluate the beneficiaries of this exciting and potent new treatment modality. This review summarizes the history of adoptive immunotherapy, adoptive immunotherapy using CARs, the CAR manufacturing process, preclinical-clinical studies, effectiveness and drawbacks of this strategy.

嵌合抗原受体修饰的T细胞在血液疾病中的应用

免疫系统已经能够证明嫩购控制和消除癌症细胞。免疫诱导的肿瘤消除已经被发现，这是癌症疫苗和包含造血干细胞移植在内的细胞移植的基础。过继T 细胞移植已经得到改善，具有更好的特异性和强效性，并且能够有更少非靶向毒副作用。到目前为止，已经又两种形式的修饰T 细胞用于临床试验：T细胞受体和嵌合抗原受体修饰的T 细胞。在2014年7月1日，美国食品药品监督管理局对CD19 CAR-T细胞治疗授予了“突破性的治疗”。很多研究设计用于评估这种激动人心和具有潜能的新疗法对受益者带来的利益。这篇综述总结了过继T细胞技术、CAR-T技术的发展历史，CAR的生产过程，临床前研究，这个疗法的有效性和研究背景。

出自爱康得生物技术